DBMS > ClickHouse vs. Couchbase vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HEAVY.AI
System Properties Comparison ClickHouse vs. Couchbase vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HEAVY.AI
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Name | ClickHouse Xexclude from comparison | Couchbase Originally called Membase Xexclude from comparison | Elasticsearch Xexclude from comparison | Google Cloud Bigtable Xexclude from comparison | HEAVY.AI Formerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022 Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering. | A distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile database | A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric | Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail. | A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardware | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Document store | Search engine | Key-value store Wide column store | Relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary database models | Time Series DBMS | Key-value store originating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol Spatial DBMS using the Geocouch extension Search engine Time Series DBMS Vector DBMS | Document store Spatial DBMS Vector DBMS | Spatial DBMS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Website | clickhouse.com | www.couchbase.com | www.elastic.co/elasticsearch | cloud.google.com/bigtable | github.com/heavyai/heavydb www.heavy.ai | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical documentation | clickhouse.com/docs | docs.couchbase.com | www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html | cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs | docs.heavy.ai | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Developer | Clickhouse Inc. | Couchbase, Inc. | Elastic | HEAVY.AI, Inc. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial release | 2016 | 2011 | 2010 | 2015 | 2016 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current release | v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024 | Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 2023 | 8.6, January 2023 | 5.10, January 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Apache 2.0 | Open Source Business Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also available | Open Source Elastic License | commercial | Open Source Apache Version 2; enterprise edition available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Implementation language | C++ | C, C++, Go and Erlang | Java | C++ and CUDA | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server operating systems | FreeBSD Linux macOS | Linux OS X Windows | All OS with a Java VM | hosted | Linux | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data scheme | yes | schema-free | schema-free Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent | schema-free | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | no | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary indexes | yes | yes | yes All search fields are automatically indexed | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SQL Support of SQL | Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions) | SQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use cases | SQL-like query language | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
APIs and other access methods | gRPC HTTP REST JDBC MySQL wire protocol ODBC PostgreSQL wire protocol Proprietary protocol | CLI Client HTTP REST Kafka Connector Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs Spark Connector Spring Data | Java API RESTful HTTP/JSON API | gRPC (using protocol buffers) API HappyBase (Python library) HBase compatible API (Java) | JDBC ODBC Thrift Vega | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Supported programming languages | C# 3rd party library C++ Elixir 3rd party library Go 3rd party library Java 3rd party library JavaScript (Node.js) 3rd party library Kotlin 3rd party library Nim 3rd party library Perl 3rd party library PHP 3rd party library Python 3rd party library R 3rd party library Ruby 3rd party library Rust Scala 3rd party library | .Net C Go Java JavaScript Node.js Kotlin PHP Python Ruby Scala | .Net Groovy Community Contributed Clients Java JavaScript Perl PHP Python Ruby | C# C++ Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python | All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift Python | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes | Functions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++ | yes | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triggers | no | yes via the TAP protocol | yes by using the 'percolation' feature | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | key based and custom | Automatic Sharding | Sharding | Sharding | Sharding Round robin | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages. | Multi-source replication including cross data center replication Source-replica replication | yes | Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones | Multi-source replication | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | yes | ES-Hadoop Connector | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency selectable on a per-operation basis | Eventual Consistency Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all | Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters) | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | no | ACID | no | Atomic single-row operations | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes | yes Ephemeral buckets | Memcached and Redis integration | no | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
User concepts Access control | Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication. | User and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control. | Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM) | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
More information provided by the system vendorWe invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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3rd parties | Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics. » more DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale. » more | CData: Connect to Big Data & NoSQL through standard Drivers. » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ClickHouse | Couchbase Originally called Membase | Elasticsearch | Google Cloud Bigtable | HEAVY.AI Formerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DB-Engines blog posts | Couchbase climbs up the DB-Engines Ranking, increasing its popularity by 10% every month | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2017 Elasticsearch moved into the top 10 most popular database management systems MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Recent citations in the news | Why Clickhouse Should Be Your Next Database ClickHouse Cloud & Amazon S3 Express One Zone: Making a blazing fast analytical database even faster | Amazon ... A 1000x Faster Database Solution: ClickHouse’s Aaron Katz ClickHouse Announces Launch of ClickPipes From Open Source to SaaS: the Journey of ClickHouse provided by Google News | Database company Couchbase files for U.S. IPO Couchbase Announces New Features to Accelerate AI-Powered Adaptive Applications for Customers Insider Sale: Matthew Cain Sells 10,053 Shares of Couchbase Inc (BASE) Baird Maintains Couchbase (BASE) Outperform Recommendation Couchbase's database gets support for vector search and retrieval-augmented generation provided by Google News | Elasticsearch Enables 400 Criteo Engineers to Search 4 TB of Log Data per Week Netflix Uses Elasticsearch Percolate Queries to Implement Reverse Searches Efficiently Splunk vs Elasticsearch | A Comparison and How to Choose Introducing Elasticsearch Vector Database to Azure OpenAI Service On Your Data (Preview) ElasticSearch Goes Deep on OpenTelemetry with eBPF Donation provided by Google News | Google's AI-First Strategy Brings Vector Support To Cloud Databases Google Introduces Autoscaling for Cloud Bigtable for Optimizing Costs Google scales up Cloud Bigtable NoSQL database Google introduces Cloud Bigtable managed NoSQL database to process data at scale Google Launches Cloud Bigtable, A Highly Scalable And Performant NoSQL Database provided by Google News | Big Data Analytics: A Game Changer for Infrastructure HEAVY.AI Launches HEAVY 7.0, Introducing Real-Time Machine Learning Capabilities Making the most of geospatial intelligence OmniSci Gets HEAVY New Name and New CEO The insideBIGDATA IMPACT 50 List for Q4 2023 provided by Google News |
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