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DBMS > Citus vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. STSdb vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. STSdb vs. Vertica

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerWidely used in-process key-value storeKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing methodCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Key-value storeRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score1.88
Rank#130  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score0.03
Rank#365  Overall
#54  Key-value stores
Score9.62
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlgithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4www.vertica.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleSTS Soft SCOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release20102010199420112005
Current release8.1, December 2018V1218.1.40, May 20204.0.8, September 201512.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license availablecommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C#C++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
WindowsLinux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)yes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availablenoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client APIADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
C#
Java
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Transact SQLnonoyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersyesyesyes infoonly for the SQL APInoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replicationnoneMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

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More resources
CitusMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOracle Berkeley DBSTSdbVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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