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DBMS > Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Newts vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Newts vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonNewts  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDatabase as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerTime Series DBMS based on CassandraIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseopennms.github.io/­newtswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlgithub.com/­OpenNMS/­newts/­wikidocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperMicrosoftMicrosoftOpenNMS GroupOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20102019201020141998
Current release8.1, December 2018cloud service with continuous releasesV1211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesyesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaC
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RTransact SQLnoPL/SQL
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infobased on Cassandranone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes, with always 3 replicas availableselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CitusMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureNewtsTimesTen
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