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DBMS > Citus vs. LokiJS vs. PostgreSQL vs. SingleStore vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. LokiJS vs. PostgreSQL vs. SingleStore vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLIn-memory JavaScript DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLMySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table typeA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.44
Rank#256  Overall
#40  Document stores
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score4.02
Rank#74  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Score1.44
Rank#152  Overall
#14  Graph DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.postgresql.orgwww.singlestore.comwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comtechfort.github.io/­LokiJSwww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.singlestore.comdocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSingleStore Inc.
Initial release201020141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20132017
Current release8.1, December 201816.4, August 20248.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercial infofree developer edition availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageCJavaScriptCC++, GoC++
Server operating systemsLinuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux info64 bit version requiredLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes infobut no triggers and foreign keysSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JavaScript APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
JavaScript.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.View functions in JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesyes
Triggersyesyesyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculationsyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine grained access control via users, groups and rolesRole-based access control

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More resources
CitusLokiJSPostgreSQLSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQLTigerGraph
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Conferences, events and webinars

PASS Data Community Summit
Seattle, Washington, 4-8 November 2024

Recent citations in the news

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, re-affirming its commitment to Open Source and accelerating Azure PostgreSQL performance and scale
24 January 2019, Microsoft

Ubicloud wants to build an open source alternative to AWS
5 March 2024, TechCrunch

Microsoft acquires Citus Data, creators of a cloud-friendly version of the PostgreSQL database
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Microsoft acquires another open-source company, Citus Data
24 January 2019, CNBC

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13 November 2018, businesswire.com

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30 April 2024, TechTarget

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