DBMS > Citus vs. Hive vs. MySQL vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. PostGIS

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Hive vs. MySQL vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. PostGIS

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

Widely used open source RDBMS

Widely used in-process key-value store

Spatial extension of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Spatial DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.15
Rank	#123	Overall
	#60	Relational DBMS

Score	62.59
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	1087.72
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Score	2.52
Rank	#114	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	23.90
Rank	#29	Overall
	#1	Spatial DBMS

Website

www.citusdata.com

hive.apache.org

www.mysql.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

postgis.net

Technical documentation

docs.citusdata.com

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

dev.mysql.com/doc

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

postgis.net/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Initial release

2010

2012

1995

1994

2005

Current release

8.1, December 2018

3.1.3, April 2022

8.3.0, January 2024

18.1.40, May 2020

3.4.2, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

commercial license available

Open Source

GPL v2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Server operating systems

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C++
Java
PHP
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

proprietary syntax

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

none

yes

based on PostgreSQL

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Source-replica replication

yes

based on PostgreSQL

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

yes

based on PostgreSQL

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