DBMS > Citus vs. Hive vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. YottaDB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Hive vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. YottaDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A fast and solid embedded Key-value store

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

using the Octo plugin

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.15
Rank	#117	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	59.76
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.28
Rank	#306	Overall
	#44	Key-value stores

Website

www.citusdata.com

hive.apache.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

yottadb.com

Technical documentation

docs.citusdata.com

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

yottadb.com/resources/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Microsoft

YottaDB, LLC

Initial release

2010

2012

1989

2001

Current release

8.1, December 2018

3.1.3, April 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

AGPL 3.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Windows

Docker
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

by using the Octo plugin

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

PostgreSQL wire protocol

using the Octo plugin
Proprietary protocol

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C++
Java
PHP
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
M
Perl
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

selectable replication factor

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

optimistic locking

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users and groups based on OS-security mechanisms

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