DBMS > Citus vs. Greenplum vs. Oracle vs. Prometheus vs. SQream DB

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Greenplum vs. Oracle vs. Prometheus vs. SQream DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database

A logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.

Widely used RDBMS

Open-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring system

a GPU-based, columnar RDBMS for big data analytics workloads

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	8.37
Rank	#48	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	8.42
Rank	#47	Overall
	#2	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.70
Rank	#227	Overall
	#104	Relational DBMS

Website

www.citusdata.com

greenplum.org

www.oracle.com/database

prometheus.io

sqream.com

Technical documentation

docs.citusdata.com

docs.greenplum.org

docs.oracle.com/en/database

prometheus.io/docs

docs.sqream.com

Developer

Pivotal Software Inc.

Oracle

SQream Technologies

Initial release

2010

2005

1980

2015

2017

Current release

8.1, December 2018

7.0.0, September 2023

23c, September 2023

2022.1.6, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

C++, CUDA, Haskell, Java, Scala

Server operating systems

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numeric data only

yes, ANSI Standard SQL Types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

since Version 4.2

yes

Import of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

.Net
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

user defined functions in Python

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

horizontal and vertical partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

by Federation

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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