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DBMS > Citus vs. Firebird vs. gStore vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Firebird vs. gStore vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisongStore  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonOracle  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseA native Graph DBMS to store and maintain very large RDF datasets.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS infowith Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS infosince Oracle 23
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score19.46
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score0.03
Rank#367  Overall
#37  Graph DBMS
#18  RDF stores
Score807.76
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1286.59
Rank#1  Overall
#1  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comwww.firebirdsql.orgen.gstore.cnwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oracle.com/­database
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsen.gstore.cn/­#/­enDocslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database
DeveloperFirebird FoundationMicrosoftOracle
Initial release20102000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase201619891980
Current release8.1, December 20185.0.1, August 20241.2, November 2023SQL Server 2022, November 202223c, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infoBSDcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageCC and C++C++C++C and C++
Server operating systemsLinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
LinuxLinux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesyes infoSchemaless in JSON and XML columns
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesnoyesyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.PSQLyesTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaPL/SQL infoalso stored procedures in Java possible
Triggersyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infocan be realized in PL/SQL
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDyesACIDACID infoisolation level can be parameterized
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infoVersion 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptUsers, roles and permissions, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) supportedfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CitusFirebirdgStoreMicrosoft SQL ServerOracle
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