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DBMS > Citus vs. Dgraph vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Citus vs. Dgraph vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score76.78
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.citusdata.comdgraph.iogithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
azure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­database
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdgraph.io/­docsdocs.immudb.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sql
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.CodenotaryMicrosoft
Initial release2010201620202010
Current release8.1, December 20181.2.3, April 2022V12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCGoGoC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoSQL-like syntaxyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonoTransact SQL
Triggersyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSynchronous replication via Raftyes, with always 3 replicas available
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
CitusDgraphImmudbMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure
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