DBMS > Cassandra vs. Solr vs. Trino vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Solr vs. Trino vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language

Primary database model

Wide column store

Search engine

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Often described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	42.91
Rank	#24	Overall
	#3	Search engines

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Score	0.65
Rank	#234	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#107	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

solr.apache.org/resources.html

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

typedb.com/docs

Social network pages

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Apache Software Foundation

Trino Software Foundation

Vaticle

Initial release

2008

2006

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

2016

Current release

4.1.3, July 2023

9.6.0, April 2024

2.26.3, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

runs as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

supports customizable data types and automatic typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

depending on connected data-source

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

Solr Parallel SQL Interface

yes

APIs and other access methods

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java plugins

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

User configurable commands triggered on index changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Sharding

depending on connected data-source

Sharding

by using Cassandra

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

yes

depending on connected data-source

Multi-source replication

by using Cassandra

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce

yes

by using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Eventual Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

substituted by the relationship feature

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

optimistic locking

depending on connected data-source

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

yes

SQL standard access control

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
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TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
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Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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News

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15 April 2024

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58: Understanding your users with Trino and Mitzu
4 April 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.