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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB vs. RethinkDB vs. Riak KV

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. PostgreSQL vs. RavenDB vs. RethinkDB vs. Riak KV

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.Distributed, fault tolerant key-value store
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document storeDocument storeKey-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#102  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score2.58
Rank#105  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score3.84
Rank#76  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.postgresql.orgravendb.netrethinkdb.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.postgresql.org/­docsravendb.net/­docsrethinkdb.com/­docswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latest
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerHibernating RhinosThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017OpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies
Initial release20081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201020092009
Current release5.0-rc1, July 202416.4, August 20245.4, July 20222.4.1, August 20203.2.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise edition
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC#C++Erlang
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesyesrestricted
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL-like query language (RQL)nono
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesErlang
TriggersyesyesyesClient-side triggers through changefeedsyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardingSharding inforange basedSharding infono "single point of failure"
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationselectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoyesyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono infolinks between data sets can be stored
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableAtomic single-document operationsno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseyes infousers and table-level permissionsyes, using Riak Security
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraPostgreSQLRavenDBRethinkDBRiak KV
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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