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DBMS > Cassandra vs. NebulaGraph vs. Snowflake vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. NebulaGraph vs. Snowflake vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured dataTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelWide column storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score130.36
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
www.snowflake.comtypedb.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.nebula-graph.iodocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.htmltypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookVesoft Inc.Snowflake Computing Inc.Vaticle
Initial release2008201920142016
Current release4.1.3, July 20232.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0commercialOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeStrong typed schemayes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query languageyesno
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsuser defined functionsno
Triggersyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resourcesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingyesSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleCausal Clustering using Raft protocolyesMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyesno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing RocksDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectRole-based access controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraNebulaGraphSnowflakeTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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