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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP HANA vs. Snowflake vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SAP HANA vs. Snowflake vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured dataA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score44.69
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score121.33
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlwww.snowflake.comwww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverhelp.sap.com/­hanadocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.htmldocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookMicrosoftSAPSnowflake Computing Inc.
Initial release20081989201020142017
Current release4.1.3, July 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20222.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonono infoalso available as a cloud based serviceyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
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Implementation languageJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Appliance or cloud-servicehostedLinux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyesno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yesyesyesSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) JavaSQLScript, Ruser defined functionsyes
Triggersyesyesyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resourcesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyesyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraMicrosoft SQL ServerSAP HANASnowflakeTigerGraph
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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