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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Memgraph vs. Neo4j vs. RocksDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Memgraph vs. Neo4j vs. RocksDB vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessAn open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelWide column storeGraph DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score3.02
Rank#98  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score3.65
Rank#85  Overall
#11  Key-value stores
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orgmemgraph.comneo4j.comrocksdb.orgwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestmemgraph.com/­docsneo4j.com/­docsgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wikidocs.stardog.com
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookMemgraph LtdNeo4j, Inc.Facebook, Inc.Stardog-Union
Initial release20082017200720132010
Current release4.1.3, July 20235.20, May 20249.2.1, May 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoBSDcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++Java, ScalaC++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucenenoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)nononoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
C++ API
Java API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesyes infovia event handleryes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding infodynamic graph partitioningyes using Neo4j Fabrichorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication using RAFTCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyesMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID infowith snapshot isolationACIDyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectUsers, roles and permissionsUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)noAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraMemgraphNeo4jRocksDBStardog
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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