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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Lovefield vs. Spark SQL vs. SQLite vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Lovefield vs. Spark SQL vs. SQLite vs. SurrealDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orggoogle.github.io/­lovefieldspark.apache.org/­sqlwww.sqlite.orgsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlwww.sqlite.org/­docs.htmlsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleApache Software FoundationDwayne Richard HippSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release20082014201420002022
Current release4.1.3, July 20232.1.12, February 20173.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20233.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 2024v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoPublic DomainOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaScriptScalaCRust
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
OS X
Windows
server-lessLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infodynamic column typesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.yes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaScriptJava
Python
R
Scala
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononono
TriggersyesUsing read-only observersnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"noneyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possiblenonenonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infovia file-system locksyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDBnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnononoyes, based on authentication and database rules
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraLovefieldSpark SQLSQLiteSurrealDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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