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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Lovefield vs. RDFox vs. Realm vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Lovefield vs. RDFox vs. Realm vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engineA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orggoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.oxfordsemantic.techrealm.iowww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.oxfordsemantic.techrealm.io/­docswww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleOxford Semantic TechnologiesRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Dwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release20082014201720142000
Current release4.1.3, July 20232.1.12, February 20176.0, Septermber 20223.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaScriptC++C
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
macOS
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
server-less
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes infoRDF schemasyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternnonoyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaScriptC
Java
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonono inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryno
TriggersyesUsing read-only observersyes infoChange Listenersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"nonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possiblenonereplication via a shared file systemnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setupsImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDByesyes infoIn-Memory realmyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnoRoles, resources, and access typesyesno
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraLovefieldRDFoxRealmSQLite
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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