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DBMS > Cassandra vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Neo4j vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Neo4j vs. Tkrzw

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsA concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
Primary database modelWide column storeKey-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#60  Key-value stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbneo4j.comdbmx.net/­tkrzw
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbneo4j.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.Mikio Hirabayashi
Initial release20082011201420072020
Current release4.1.3, July 20231.23, February 20215.19, April 20240.9.3, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaC++Java, ScalaC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infoJSON typesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noSQL-like query languagenono
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Java
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJavaScriptyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
TriggersyesnoJavaScriptyes infovia event handlerno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"noneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes using Neo4j Fabricnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possiblenoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing specific database classes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)no
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraLevelDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBNeo4jTkrzw infoSuccessor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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