DBMS > Cassandra vs. Ignite vs. PouchDB vs. Vertica vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Ignite vs. PouchDB vs. Vertica vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Apache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Wide column store

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Document store

Relational DBMS

Column oriented

Document store

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	3.16
Rank	#96	Overall
	#15	Key-value stores
	#49	Relational DBMS

Score	2.28
Rank	#115	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Score	10.68
Rank	#43	Overall
	#27	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

apacheignite.readme.io/docs

pouchdb.com/guides

vertica.com/documentation

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Apache Software Foundation

OpenText

previously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2008

2015

2012

2005

2019

Current release

4.1.3, July 2023

Apache Ignite 2.6

7.1.1, June 2019

12.0.3, January 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

commercial

Limited community edition free

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

on-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

C++, Java, .Net

JavaScript

C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Yes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

via views

No Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

ANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDL

Full 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL

character-based, interactive, front-end utility

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

JavaScript

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)

View functions in JavaScript

yes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences

Triggers

yes

yes (cache interceptors and events)

yes

yes, called Custom Alerts

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

horizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

yes (replicated cache)

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

Multi-source replication

One, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

yes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)

yes

Bi-directional Spark integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Security Hooks for custom implementations

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Deploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Fast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Communication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Abiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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Cost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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