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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Sqrrl vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Sqrrl vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA widely adopted in-memory data gridFully managed big data interactive analytics platformAdaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache AccumuloScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelWide column storeKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orghazelcast.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorersqrrl.comterminusdb.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latesthazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookHazelcastMicrosoftAmazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.DataChemist Ltd.
Initial release20082008201920122018
Current release4.1.3, July 20235.3.6, November 2023cloud service with continuous releases11.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaProlog, Rust
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedLinuxLinux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyesno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Accumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnoyes
Triggersyesyes infoEventsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infomaking use of HadoopGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes infoReplicated Mapyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.selectable replication factor infomaking use of HadoopJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitednoAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entityACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectRole-based access controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)Role-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraHazelcastMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSqrrlTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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