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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Newts vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Newts vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNewts  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA widely adopted in-memory data gridFully managed big data interactive analytics platformTime Series DBMS based on CassandraEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelWide column storeKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.07
Rank#375  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orghazelcast.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-exploreropennms.github.io/­newtswww.stardog.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latesthazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorergithub.com/­OpenNMS/­newts/­wikidocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookHazelcastMicrosoftOpenNMS GroupStardog-Union
Initial release20082008201920142010
Current release4.1.3, July 20235.3.6, November 2023cloud service with continuous releases7.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyesnono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesall fields are automatically indexednoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
Java API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesyes infoEventsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infobased on Cassandranone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes infoReplicated Mapyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.selectable replication factor infobased on CassandraMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitednonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectRole-based access controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraHazelcastMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNewtsStardog
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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