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DBMS > Cassandra vs. HarperDB vs. ScyllaDB vs. TiDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. HarperDB vs. ScyllaDB vs. TiDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonScyllaDB  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessUltra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.Cassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column storeTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument storeWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Key-value storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.60
Rank#244  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score4.08
Rank#76  Overall
#5  Wide column stores
Score4.25
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.harperdb.iowww.scylladb.compingcap.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.harperdb.io/­docsdocs.scylladb.comdocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stabledocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookHarperDBScyllaDBPingCAP, Inc.Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20082017201520161998
Current release4.1.3, July 20233.1, August 2021ScyllaDB Open Source 5.4.1, January 20248.1.0, May 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infoOpen Source (AGPL), commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.Scylla Cloud: Create real-time applications that run at global scale with Scylla Cloud, the industry’s most powerful NoSQL DBaaSTiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageJavaNode.jsC++Go, Rust
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
LinuxLinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeschema-freedynamic schemaschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON data typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infocluster global secondary indicesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like data manipulation statementsSQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)yesyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
Proprietary protocol (CQL) infocompatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift
GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoCustom Functions infosince release 3.1yes, LuanoPL/SQL
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusterShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyes infowith TiSpark Connectorno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infofull support since version 6.6yes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsAtomic execution of specific operationsno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, using LMDByesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infoin-memory tablesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users can be defined per objectFine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraHarperDBScyllaDBTiDBTimesTen
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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ScyllaDB is engineered to deliver predictable performance at scale. It’s adopted...
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TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Highly-performant (efficiently utilizes full resources of a node and network; millions...
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- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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ScyllaDB is ideal for applications that require high throughput and low latency at...
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TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Discord, Epic Games, Expedia, Zillow, Comcast, Disney+ Hotstar, Samsung, ShareChat,...
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Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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ScyllaDB typically offers ~75% total cost of ownership savings, with ~5X higher throughput...
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34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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ScyllaDB Open Source - free open source software (AGPL) ScyllaDB Enterprise - subscription-based...
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TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more
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