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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Rockset vs. Sadas Engine

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Rockset vs. Sadas Engine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRockset  Xexclude from comparisonSadas Engine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSA scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDBSADAS Engine is a columnar DBMS specifically designed for high performance in data warehouse environments
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
Search engine
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.82
Rank#212  Overall
#36  Document stores
Score0.07
Rank#373  Overall
#157  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverrockset.comwww.sadasengine.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.rockset.comwww.sadasengine.com/­en/­sadas-engine-download-free-trial-and-documentation/­#documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleMicrosoftRocksetSADAS s.r.l.
Initial release20082017198920192006
Current release4.1.3, July 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20228.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialcommercial infofree trial version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
hostedAIX
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesdynamic typingyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infoingestion from XML files supportedno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesRead-only SQL queries, including JOINsyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
HTTP RESTJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javanono
Triggersyesnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationAutomatic shardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infomanaged by 'Learn by Usage'
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset consoleAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft SQL ServerRocksetSadas Engine
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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