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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. Memgraph vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Db2 Event Store vs. Memgraph vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 Event Store  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Distributed Event Store optimized for Internet of Things use casesAn open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSEvent Store
Time Series DBMS
Graph DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.27
Rank#309  Overall
#2  Event Stores
#28  Time Series DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#94  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2-event-storememgraph.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2-event-storememgraph.com/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.io
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleIBMMemgraph LtdVesoft Inc.
Initial release20082017201720172019
Current release4.1.3, July 20232.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial infofree developer edition availableOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++C and C++C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux infoLinux, macOS, Windows for the developer additionLinuxLinux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalStrong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnoyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infothrough the embedded Spark runtimenoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
DB2 Connect
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesuser defined functions
Triggersyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingShardingSharding infodynamic graph partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Active-active shard replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTCausal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID infowith snapshot isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesNo - written data is immutableyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesYes - Synchronous writes to local disk combined with replication and asynchronous writes in parquet format to permanent shared storageyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissionsRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraGoogle Cloud SpannerIBM Db2 Event StoreMemgraphNebulaGraph
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
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