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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Solr

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Solr

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonSolr  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceA widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score42.91
Rank#24  Overall
#3  Search engines
Websitecassandra.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­datastoreazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbsolr.apache.org
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbsolr.apache.org/­resources.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release2008200820142006
Current release4.1.3, July 20239.6.0, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedAll OS with a Java VM inforuns as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyes infoDynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyes infoJSON typesyes infosupports customizable data types and automatic typing
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query language (GQL)SQL-like query languageSolr Parallel SQL Interface
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnousing Google App EngineJavaScriptJava plugins
TriggersyesCallbacks using the Google Apps EngineJavaScriptyes infoUser configurable commands triggered on index changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication using Paxosyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowwith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*spark-solr: github.com/­lucidworks/­spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionoptimistic locking
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights can be defined down to the item levelyes
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraGoogle Cloud DatastoreMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBSolr
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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