DBMS > Cassandra vs. GigaSpaces vs. HBase vs. Hive vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. GigaSpaces vs. HBase vs. Hive vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

High performance in-memory data grid platform, powering three products: Smart Cache, Smart ODS (Operational Data Store), Smart Augmented Transactions

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Wide column store

Document store
Object oriented DBMS

Values are user defined objects

Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Graph DBMS
Search engine

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	98.83
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	1.03
Rank	#188	Overall
	#32	Document stores
	#6	Object oriented DBMS

Score	27.97
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	59.76
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

docs.gigaspaces.com/latest/landing.html

hbase.apache.org/book.html

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Gigaspaces Technologies

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2008

2000

2008

2012

2014

Current release

4.1.3, July 2023

15.5, September 2020

2.3.4, January 2021

3.1.3, April 2022

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2; Commercial licenses available

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

Java, C++, .Net

Java

Scala

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

XML can be used for describing objects metadata

Secondary indexes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

SQL-99 for query and DML statements

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

GigaSpaces LRMI
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
JPA
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C++
Java
Python
Scala

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C++
Java
PHP
Python

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Coprocessors in Java

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Triggers

yes

yes, event driven architecture

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Sharding

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

Multi-source replication

synchronous or asynchronous
Source-replica replication

synchronous or asynchronous

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Map-Reduce pattern can be built with XAP task executors

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable: ALL, QUORUM, ANY

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Role-based access control

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

Access rights for users, groups and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more

Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more

Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more

Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more

News

An Introduction to David Jones-Gilardi, Developer Relations
11 June 2024

Introducing Tejas Kumar, Developer Relations Engineer
7 June 2024

Indexing All of Wikipedia on a Laptop
5 June 2024

An Introduction to Phil Nash, Developer Relations
3 June 2024

Focus on Creativity, Not Clusters: DataStax Mission Control in Action!
30 May 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.