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DBMS > Cassandra vs. GBase vs. Google BigQuery vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDFox

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. GBase vs. Google BigQuery vs. PostgreSQL vs. RDFox

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Graph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1.05
Rank#186  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score58.10
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#300  Overall
#24  Graph DBMS
#13  RDF stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.gbase.cncloud.google.com/­bigquerywww.postgresql.orgwww.oxfordsemantic.tech
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestcloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.oxfordsemantic.tech
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.GooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOxford Semantic Technologies
Initial release2008200420101989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2017
Current release4.1.3, July 2023GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c16.3, May 20246.0, Septermber 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC, Java, PythonCC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes infoRDF schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)Standard with numerous extensionsyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsuser defined functions infoin JavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyesyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsreplication via a shared file system
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDno infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectyesAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRoles, resources, and access types
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraGBaseGoogle BigQueryPostgreSQLRDFox
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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