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DBMS > Cassandra vs. eXtremeDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. eXtremeDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Multivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.74
Rank#223  Overall
#103  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score3.16
Rank#97  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.mcobject.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmapple.github.io/­foundationdblearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookMcObjectFoundationDBMicrosoftRocket Software
Initial release20082001201320141985
Current release4.1.3, July 20238.2, 20216.2.28, November 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++C++C
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyes infoJSON typesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infosupport of XML interfaces available
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnoyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesin SQL-layer onlyJavaScriptyes
Triggersyesyes infoby defining eventsnoJavaScriptyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"horizontal partitioning / shardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleActive Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
yesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesin SQL-layer onlynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraeXtremeDBFoundationDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBUniData,UniVerse
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
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