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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Firebird vs. GraphDB vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Firebird vs. GraphDB vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonInterSystems IRIS  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.A containerised multi-model DBMS, interoperability and analytics data platform with wide capabilities for vertical and horizontal scalabilityIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Key-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score4.05
Rank#83  Overall
#14  Document stores
#10  Key-value stores
#1  Object oriented DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.firebirdsql.orgwww.ontotext.comwww.intersystems.com/­products/­intersystems-iriswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.intersystems.com/­irislatest/­csp/­docbook/­DocBook.UI.Page.clsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookFirebird FoundationOntotextInterSystemsOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20082000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase200020181998
Current release4.1.3, July 20235.0.0, January 202410.4, October 20232023.3, June 202311 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
Linux
macOS
Ubuntu
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesdepending on used data modelyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yesstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoPSQLwell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyesPL/SQL
Triggersyesyesnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"nonenoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replicationMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoConstraint checkingyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.yesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraFirebirdGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMInterSystems IRISTimesTen
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
InterSystems IRIS is a complete cloud-first data platform which includes a multi-model...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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