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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Elasticsearch vs. LeanXcale vs. MarkLogic

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Elasticsearch vs. LeanXcale vs. MarkLogic

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database
Primary database modelWide column storeSearch engineKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score103.86
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score134.78
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.35
Rank#283  Overall
#41  Key-value stores
#128  Relational DBMS
Score6.50
Rank#56  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#5  Search engines
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchwww.leanxcale.comwww.marklogic.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.marklogic.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookElasticLeanXcaleMarkLogic Corp.
Initial release2008201020152001
Current release4.1.3, July 20238.6, January 202311.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoElastic Licensecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query languageyes infothrough Apache Derbyyes infoSQL92
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
Java
Scala
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyes infovia XQuery or JavaScript
Triggersyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesES-Hadoop Connectornoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACIDACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integrationyesyes, with Range Indexes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levels
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraElasticsearchLeanXcaleMarkLogic
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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