DBMS > Cassandra vs. DolphinDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Graph Engine vs. H2

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. DolphinDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Graph Engine vs. H2

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

DolphinDB is a high performance Time Series DBMS. It is integrated with an easy-to-use fully featured programming language and a high-volume high-velocity streaming analytics system. It offers operational simplicity, scalability, fault tolerance, and concurrency.

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engine

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Primary database model

Wide column store

Time Series DBMS

Document store

Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	103.86
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	4.23
Rank	#82	Overall
	#6	Time Series DBMS

Score	15.00
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	0.62
Rank	#240	Overall
	#21	Graph DBMS
	#35	Key-value stores

Score	8.22
Rank	#50	Overall
	#32	Relational DBMS

Website

cassandra.apache.org

www.dolphindb.com

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

www.graphengine.io

www.h2database.com

Technical documentation

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

docs.dolphindb.cn/en/help200/index.html

firebase.google.com/docs/database

www.graphengine.io/docs/manual

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

DolphinDB, Inc

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Microsoft

Thomas Mueller

Initial release

2008

2018

2012

2010

2005

Current release

4.1.3, July 2023

v2.00.4, January 2022

2.2.220, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

free community version available

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

C++

.NET and C

Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

hosted

.NET

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

JDBC
JSON over HTTP
Kafka
MQTT (Message Queue Telemetry Transport)
ODBC
OPC DA
OPC UA
RabbitMQ
WebSocket

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
MatLab
Python
R
Rust

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic

Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

limited functionality with using 'rules'

yes

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

yes

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storage

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Administrators, Users, Groups

yes, based on authentication and database rules

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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