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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Datomic vs. Newts vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Datomic vs. Newts vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonNewts  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityTime Series DBMS based on CassandraWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score0.07
Rank#375  Overall
#41  Time Series DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score44.27
Rank#23  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.datomic.comopennms.github.io/­newtswww.postgresql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.html
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.datomic.comgithub.com/­OpenNMS/­newts/­wikiwww.postgresql.org/­docshelp.sap.com/­hana
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookCognitectOpenNMS GroupPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSAP
Initial release2008201220141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2010
Current release4.1.3, July 20231.0.7075, December 202316.3, May 20242.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoalso available as a cloud based service
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava, ClojureJavaC
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Appliance or cloud-service
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)nonoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
RESTful HTTP APIHTTP REST
Java API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
Java.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction Functionsnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.SQLScript, R
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infobased on Cassandrapartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possiblenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraDatomicNewtsPostgreSQLSAP HANA
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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