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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Datomic vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Datomic vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityData logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperGlobally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score4.83
Rank#67  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Score27.71
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.datomic.comgithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webazure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.datomic.comgraphite.readthedocs.iolearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookCognitectChris DavisMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release20082012200620142016
Current release4.1.3, July 20231.0.7075, December 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava, ClojurePythonC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
Unix
hostedhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data onlyyes infoJSON typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnoyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)nonoSQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
RESTful HTTP APIHTTP API
Sockets
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction FunctionsnoJavaScriptTransact SQL
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsnoJavaScriptno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possiblenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencynoneBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDnoMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and development
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnonoAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelyes
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraDatomicGraphiteMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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