DBMS > Cassandra vs. Cubrid vs. Dgraph vs. HBase vs. Hypertable

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Cubrid vs. Dgraph vs. HBase vs. Hypertable

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.

Description

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

CUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTP

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as Hadoop

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	98.83
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	1.04
Rank	#187	Overall
	#87	Relational DBMS

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	27.97
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Website

cassandra.apache.org

cubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)

dgraph.io

hbase.apache.org

Technical documentation

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

cubrid.org/manuals

dgraph.io/docs

hbase.apache.org/book.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

CUBRID Corporation, CUBRID Foundation

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Hypertable Inc.

Initial release

2008

2016

2008

2009

Current release

4.1.3, July 2023

11.0, January 2021

2.3.4, January 2021

0.9.8.11, March 2016

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

GNU version 3. Commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

C, C++, Java

Java

C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Linux
OS X
Windows

an inofficial Windows port is available

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

schema-free, schema definition possible

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

restricted

only exact value or prefix value scans

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

C++ API
Thrift

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

yes

Coprocessors in Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

none

yes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

Source-replica replication

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor on file system level

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Planned for future releases

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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