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DBMS > Cassandra vs. CrateDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. InfluxDB vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. CrateDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. InfluxDB vs. LevelDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonInfluxDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessDistributed Database based on LuceneA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.DBMS for storing time series, events and metricsEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSKey-value store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Relational DBMSSpatial DBMS infowith GEO package
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.73
Rank#224  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score25.83
Rank#28  Overall
#1  Time Series DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orgcratedb.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.influxdata.com/­products/­influxdb-overviewgithub.com/­google/­leveldb
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestcratedb.com/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.influxdata.com/­influxdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookCrateGoogleGoogle
Initial release20082013201720132011
Current release4.1.3, July 20232.7.6, April 20241.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT-License; commercial enterprise version availableOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
Implementation languageJavaJavaGoC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supporthostedLinux
OS X infothrough Homebrew
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesNumeric data and Stringsno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesnono
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilityyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
JSON over UDP
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions (Javascript)nonono
Triggersyesnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingShardingSharding infoin enterprise version onlynone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factor infoin enterprise version onlynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACID infoStrict serializable isolationnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes infoDepending on used storage engine
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectrights management via user accountsAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)simple rights management via user accountsno
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraCrateDBGoogle Cloud SpannerInfluxDBLevelDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
The enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
InfluxData is the creator of InfluxDB , the open source time series database. It...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Response time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
Time to Value InfluxDB is available in all the popular languages and frameworks,...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
IoT & Sensor Monitoring Developers are witnessing the instrumentation of every available...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Across all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
InfluxData has more than 1,900 paying customers, including customers include MuleSoft,...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
The CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
Fastest-growing database to drive 27,500 GitHub stars Over 750,000 daily active instances
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
See CrateDB pricing >
» more
Open source core with closed source clustering available either on-premise or on...
» more
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