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DBMS > Cassandra vs. CrateDB vs. etcd vs. Firebird vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. CrateDB vs. etcd vs. Firebird vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessDistributed Database based on LuceneA distributed reliable key-value storeFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.73
Rank#224  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score44.69
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgcratedb.cometcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
www.firebirdsql.orgwww.sap.com/­products/­hana.html
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestcratedb.com/­docsetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
www.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualshelp.sap.com/­hana
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookCrateFirebird FoundationSAP
Initial release200820132000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase2010
Current release4.1.3, July 20233.4, August 20195.0.0, January 20242.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono infoalso available as a cloud based service
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
Implementation languageJavaJavaGoC and C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Appliance or cloud-service
Data schemeschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)schema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitynoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions (Javascript)noPSQLSQLScript, R
Triggersyesnoyes, watching key changesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Source-replica replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategynoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectrights management via user accountsnoUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptyes
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraCrateDBetcdFirebirdSAP HANA
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
The enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Response time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Across all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
The CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
See CrateDB pricing >
» more

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More resources
CassandraCrateDBetcdFirebirdSAP HANA
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