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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Couchbase vs. CouchDB vs. GraphDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Couchbase vs. CouchDB vs. GraphDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCouchbase infoOriginally called Membase  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA distributed document store with integrated cache, a powerful search engine, in-built operational and analytical capabilities, and an embedded mobile databaseA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument storeDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Key-value store infooriginating from the former Membase product and supporting the Memcached protocol
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score17.30
Rank#36  Overall
#5  Document stores
Score9.30
Rank#45  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.couchbase.comcouchdb.apache.orgwww.ontotext.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.couchbase.comdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablegraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentation
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookCouchbase, Inc.Apache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerOntotext
Initial release2008201120052000
Current release4.1.3, July 2023Server: 7.2, June 2023; Mobile: 3.1, March 2022; Couchbase Capella (DBaaS), June 20233.3.3, December 202310.4, October 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoBusiness Source License (BSL 1.1); Commercial licenses also availableOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC, C++, Go and ErlangErlangJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infovia viewsyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL++, extends ANSI SQL to JSON for operational, transactional, and analytic use casesnostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
CLI Client
HTTP REST
Kafka Connector
Native language bindings for CRUD, Query, Search and Analytics APIs
Spark Connector
Spring Data
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Kotlin
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoFunctions and timers in JavaScript and UDFs in Java, Python, SQL++View functions in JavaScriptwell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility
Triggersyesyes infovia the TAP protocolyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Automatic ShardingSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication infoincluding cross data center replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoselectable on a per-operation basis
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infoConstraint checking
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoEphemeral bucketsno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectUser and Administrator separation with password-based and LDAP integrated Authentication. Role-base access control.Access rights for users can be defined per databaseDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraCouchbase infoOriginally called MembaseCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
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More resources
CassandraCouchbase infoOriginally called MembaseCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"GraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM
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