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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Citus vs. Dragonfly vs. MariaDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Citus vs. Dragonfly vs. MariaDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonDragonfly  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA drop-in Redis replacement that scales vertically to support millions of operations per second and terabyte sized workloads, all on a single instanceMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.44
Rank#255  Overall
#38  Key-value stores
Score83.44
Rank#15  Overall
#10  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­dragonflydb/­dragonfly
www.dragonflydb.io
mariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.citusdata.comwww.dragonflydb.io/­docsmariadb.com/­kb/­en/­library
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookDragonflyDB team and community contributorsMariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
Initial release2008201020232009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995
Current release5.0-rc1, July 20248.1, December 20181.0, March 202311.5.2, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoBSL 1.1Open Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaCC++C and C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesscheme-freeyes infoDynamic columns are supported
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesstrings, hashes, lists, sets, sorted sets, bit arraysyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocolADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Clojure
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
Tcl
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Luayes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3
Triggersyesyespublish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionalityyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Shardingseveral options for horizontal partitioning and Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDAtomic execution of command blocks and scriptsACID infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, strict serializability by the serveryes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engine
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infowith MEMORY storage engine
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardPassword-based authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraCitusDragonflyMariaDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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MariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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MariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Web, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Deutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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MariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
MariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more
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