DBMS > BoltDB vs. Kdb vs. Oracle vs. RDF4J vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Kdb vs. Oracle vs. RDF4J vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An embedded key-value store for Go.

High performance Time Series DBMS

Widely used RDBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Key-value store

Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

RDF store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	7.55
Rank	#53	Overall
	#3	Time Series DBMS
	#1	Vector DBMS

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

kx.com

www.oracle.com/database

rdf4j.org

trino.io

Technical documentation

code.kx.com

docs.oracle.com/en/database

rdf4j.org/documentation

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

Kx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plc

Oracle

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2013

2000

kdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003

1980

2004

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

3.6, May 2018

23c, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

free 32-bit version

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

table attribute 'grouped'

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (q)

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

Java
PHP
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

yes

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

with views

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

similar paradigm used for internal processing

can be realized in PL/SQL

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

User concepts

Access control

rights management via user accounts

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
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Competitive advantages

provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Key customers

Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

upon request
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Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.