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DBMS > BoltDB vs. Immudb vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Immudb vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelKey-value storeKey-value storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.80
Rank#215  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score111.41
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
github.com/­google/­leveldbwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationdocs.immudb.iogithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverwww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperCodenotaryGoogleMicrosoftDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release20132020201119892000
Current release1.2.3, April 20221.23, February 2021SQL Server 2022, November 20223.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageGoGoC++C++C
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
server-less
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenonoyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like syntaxnoyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsgRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesGo.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersnononoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
BoltDBImmudbLevelDBMicrosoft SQL ServerSQLite
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