DBMS > BoltDB vs. dBASE vs. Heroic vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. dBASE vs. Heroic vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

dBase was one of the first databases with a development environment on PC's. Its latest version dBase V is still sold as dBase classic, which needs a DOS Emulation. The up-to-date product is dBase plus.

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.80
Rank	#215	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	9.70
Rank	#44	Overall
	#28	Relational DBMS

Score	0.46
Rank	#265	Overall
	#22	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.23
Rank	#93	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

www.dbase.com

github.com/spotify/heroic

hsqldb.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

www.dbase.com/support/knowledgebase

spotify.github.io/heroic

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Asthon Tate

Spotify

Microsoft

Initial release

2013

1979

2014

2001

2014

Current release

dBASE 2019, 2019

2.7.2, June 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

based on BSD license

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

DOS

dBase Classic
Windows

dBase Pro

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via Elasticsearch

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

none

The IDE can access other DBMS or ODBC-sources.

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

dBase proprietary IDE

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

The IDE can access stored procedures in other database systems.

Java, SQL

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

not for dBase internal data, but IDE does support transactions when accessing external DBMS

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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