DBMS > BoltDB vs. GeoMesa vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDFox vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. GeoMesa vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. RDFox vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

GeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.80
Rank	#215	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	0.86
Rank	#205	Overall
	#4	Spatial DBMS

Score	76.78
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#300	Overall
	#24	Graph DBMS
	#13	RDF stores

Score	2.07
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

www.geomesa.org

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

www.geomesa.org/documentation/stable/user/index.html

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

docs.stardog.com

Developer

CCRi and others

Microsoft

Oxford Semantic Technologies

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2013

2014

2010

2017

2010

Current release

5.0.0, May 2024

V12

6.0, Septermber 2022

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Scala

C++

Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF schemas

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
Java

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

depending on storage layer

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

depending on storage layer

yes, with always 3 replicas available

replication via a shared file system

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

depending on storage layer

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

depending on storage layer

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

depending on the DBMS used for storage

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Roles, resources, and access types

Access rights for users and roles

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