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DBMS > BoltDB vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Spark SQL vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Dgraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Spark SQL vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMSMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelKey-value storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.74
Rank#220  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltdgraph.iowww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverspark.apache.org/­sqlwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationdgraph.io/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlwww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperDgraph Labs, Inc.MicrosoftApache Software FoundationDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release20132016198920142000
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20233.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageGoGoC++ScalaC
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesGoC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Java
Python
R
Scala
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javanono
Triggersnonoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyestables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSynchronous replication via Raftyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnono infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono

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Related products and services
3rd partiesNavicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for SQL Server and many other database management systems.
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Navicat for SQL Server gives you a fully graphical approach to database management and development.
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Navicat for SQLite is a powerful and comprehensive SQLite GUI that provides a complete set of functions for database management and development.
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More resources
BoltDBDgraphMicrosoft SQL ServerSpark SQLSQLite
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