DBMS > BoltDB vs. CockroachDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Titan vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. CockroachDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Titan vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

An embedded key-value store for Go.

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

www.cockroachlabs.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

github.com/thinkaurelius/titan/wiki

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

Cockroach Labs

Microsoft

Aurelius, owned by DataStax

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

2013

2015

1989

2012

2014

Current release

23.1.1, May 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache license, version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++, Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

dynamic schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Clojure
Java
Python

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

yes

via pluggable storage backends

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Multi-source replication using RAFT

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Faunus, a graph analytics engine

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graph

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Supports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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