DBMS > BoltDB vs. Cassandra vs. RDFox vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Cassandra vs. RDFox vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An embedded key-value store for Go.

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

High performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.80
Rank	#215	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	98.83
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	0.29
Rank	#300	Overall
	#24	Graph DBMS
	#13	RDF stores

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

cassandra.apache.org

www.oxfordsemantic.tech

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

docs.oxfordsemantic.tech

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Oxford Semantic Technologies

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2013

2008

2017

2014

Current release

4.1.3, July 2023

6.0, Septermber 2022

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Scala

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
Java

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

replication via a shared file system

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Roles, resources, and access types

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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