DBMS > Blazegraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Advantage Database Server
System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP Advantage Database Server
Editorial information provided by DB-Engines | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name | Blazegraph Xexclude from comparison | Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB former name was Azure DocumentDB Xexclude from comparison | OrientDB Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | SAP Advantage Database Server former name: Sybase ADS Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph. | SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Description | High-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability. | Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service | Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value) | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | Low-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structures | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Primary database model | Graph DBMS RDF store | Document store Graph DBMS Key-value store Wide column store | Document store Graph DBMS Key-value store | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Relational DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary database models | Spatial DBMS | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache Age Spatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Website | blazegraph.com | azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db | orientdb.org | www.postgresql.org | www.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.html | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Technical documentation | wiki.blazegraph.com | learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db | www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html | www.postgresql.org/docs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Developer | Blazegraph | Microsoft | OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | Sybase, SAP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Initial release | 2006 | 2014 | 2010 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 1993 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current release | 2.1.5, March 2019 | 3.2.29, March 2024 | 16.3, May 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source extended commercial license available | commercial | Open Source Apache version 2 | Open Source BSD | commercial | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | yes | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Implementation language | Java | Java | C | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server operating systems | Linux OS X Windows | hosted | All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6) | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Linux Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Data scheme | schema-free | schema-free | schema-free Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid") | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes RDF literal types | yes JSON types | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary indexes | yes | yes All properties auto-indexed by default | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
SQL Support of SQL | SPARQL is used as query language | SQL-like query language | SQL-like query language, no joins | yes standard with numerous extensions | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
APIs and other access methods | Java API RESTful HTTP API SPARQL QUERY SPARQL UPDATE TinkerPop 3 | DocumentDB API Graph API (Gremlin) MongoDB API RESTful HTTP API Table API | Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes Java API RESTful HTTP/JSON API | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | .NET Client API ADO.NET JDBC ODBC OLE DB | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Supported programming languages | .Net C C++ Java JavaScript PHP Python Ruby | .Net C# Java JavaScript JavaScript (Node.js) MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages Python | .Net C C# C++ Clojure Java JavaScript JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby Scala | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBC JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | Delphi Perl PHP | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes | JavaScript | Java, Javascript | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Triggers | no | JavaScript | Hooks | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | Sharding Implicit feature of the cloud service | Sharding | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | none | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes | yes Implicit feature of the cloud service | Multi-source replication | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Multi-source replication CONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts Source-replica replication | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | with Hadoop integration Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure* | no could be achieved with distributed queries | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration | Bounded Staleness Consistent Prefix Eventual Consistency Immediate Consistency Consistency level configurable on request level Session Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes Relationships in Graphs | no | yes relationship in graphs | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition | ACID | ACID | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | no caching of (temporary) tables can be configured | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
User concepts Access control | Security and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty) | Access rights can be defined down to the item level | Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Blazegraph | Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB former name was Azure DocumentDB | OrientDB | PostgreSQL | SAP Advantage Database Server former name: Sybase ADS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DB-Engines blog posts | Graph DBMS increased their popularity by 500% within the last 2 years Graph DBMSs are gaining in popularity faster than any other database category | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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