DBMS > Blazegraph vs. etcd vs. FoundationDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. etcd vs. FoundationDB vs. IBM Cloudant vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

High-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.

A distributed reliable key-value store

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDB

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Key-value store

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Document store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.75
Rank	#219	Overall
	#19	Graph DBMS
	#8	RDF stores

Score	7.25
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	1.03
Rank	#190	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	2.68
Rank	#106	Overall
	#20	Document stores

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

blazegraph.com

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

github.com/apple/foundationdb

www.ibm.com/products/cloudant

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

wiki.blazegraph.com

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

apple.github.io/foundationdb

cloud.ibm.com/docs/Cloudant

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Blazegraph

FoundationDB

IBM, Apache Software Foundation

IBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2006

2013

2010

2000

Current release

2.1.5, March 2019

3.4, August 2019

6.2.28, November 2020

3.45.3 (15 April 2024), April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

extended commercial license available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Erlang

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

server-less

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

RDF literal types

some layers support typing

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SPARQL is used as query language

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

in SQL-layer only

View functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScript

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Linearizable consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in Graphs

in SQL-layer only

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a document possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic locking

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Security and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)

Access rights for users can be defined per database

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