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DBMS > BigObject vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison BigObject vs. MariaDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBigObject  Xexclude from comparisonMariaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for real-time computations and queriesMySQL application compatible open source RDBMS, enhanced with high availability, security, interoperability and performance capabilities. MariaDB ColumnStore provides a column-oriented storage engine and MariaDB Xpand supports distributed SQL.Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database serviceFully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infoa hierachical model (tree) can be imposedRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith OQGraph storage engine
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.13
Rank#333  Overall
#147  Relational DBMS
Score93.21
Rank#13  Overall
#9  Relational DBMS
Score29.04
Rank#27  Overall
#4  Document stores
#2  Graph DBMS
#3  Key-value stores
#3  Wide column stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitebigobject.iomariadb.com infoSite of MariaDB Corporation
mariadb.org infoSite of MariaDB Foundation
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­cosmos-dbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdocs.bigobject.iomariadb.com/­kb/­en/­librarylearn.microsoft.com/­azure/­cosmos-dbdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperBigObject, Inc.MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise),
MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server) infoThe lead developer Monty Widenius is the original author of MySQL
MicrosoftMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release20152009 infoFork of MySQL, which was first released in 1995201420192014
Current release11.3.2, February 2024cloud service with continuous releases3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infofree community edition availableOpen Source infoGPL version 2, commercial enterprise subscription availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
STACKIT MariaDB offers MariaDB in a fully managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC and C++Scala
Server operating systemsLinux infodistributed as a docker-image
OS X infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
Windows infodistributed as a docker-image (boot2docker)
FreeBSD
Linux
Solaris
Windows infoColumnStore storage engine not available on Windows
hostedhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoDynamic columns are supportedschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoJSON typesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoAll properties auto-indexed by defaultall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infowith proprietary extensionsSQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsfluentd
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesAda
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresLuayes infoPL/SQL compatibility added with version 10.3JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
TriggersnoyesJavaScriptyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneseveral options for horizontal partitioning and ShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonowith Hadoop integration infoIntegration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*Spark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infoConsistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoautomatically between fact table and dimension tablesyes infonot for MyISAM storage enginenonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineMulti-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partitionnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayes infoRead/write lock on objects (tables, trees)yesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infonot for in-memory storage engineyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infowith MEMORY storage enginenono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights can be defined down to the item levelAzure Active Directory Authenticationno
More information provided by the system vendor
BigObjectMariaDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpark SQL
Specific characteristicsMariaDB is the most powerful open source relational database – modern SQL and JSON...
» more
Competitive advantagesMariaDB Servers have many features unavailable in other open source relational databases....
» more
Typical application scenariosWeb, SaaS and Cloud operational applications that require high availability, scalability...
» more
Key customersDeutsche Bank, DBS Bank, Nasdaq, Red Hat, ServiceNow, Verizon and Walgreens Featured...
» more
Market metricsMariaDB is the default database in the LAMP stack supplied by Red Hat and SUSE Linux,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMariaDB plc subscriptions cover our free, open source database, Community Server,...
» more

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More resources
BigObjectMariaDBMicrosoft Azure Cosmos DB infoformer name was Azure DocumentDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpark SQL
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