DBMS > BaseX vs. Cassandra vs. Memgraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. SAP HANA

System Properties Comparison BaseX vs. Cassandra vs. Memgraph vs. NebulaGraph vs. SAP HANA

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Light-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.73
Rank	#142	Overall
	#4	Native XML DBMS

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	3.02
Rank	#98	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	44.69
Rank	#22	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Website

basex.org

cassandra.apache.org

memgraph.com

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

Technical documentation

docs.basex.org

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

memgraph.com/docs

docs.nebula-graph.io

help.sap.com/hana

Social network pages

Developer

BaseX GmbH

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Memgraph Ltd

Vesoft Inc.

SAP

Initial release

2007

2008

2017

2019

2010

Current release

10.7, August 2023

4.1.3, July 2023

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD license

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

BSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Appliance or cloud-service

Data scheme

schema-free

schema-free and schema-optional

Strong typed schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

XQuery supports types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

via events

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

multiple readers, single writer

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

with snapshot isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levels

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Users, roles and permissions

Role-based access control

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
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NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more

Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more

You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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