DBMS > ArcadeDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison ArcadeDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewritten

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Well established RDBMS

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS

in next version

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.10
Rank	#358	Overall
	#48	Document stores
	#38	Graph DBMS
	#52	Key-value stores
	#35	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.23
Rank	#93	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	76.78
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Website

arcadedb.com

hsqldb.org

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

Technical documentation

docs.arcadedb.com

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

docs.actian.com/ingres

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

Developer

Arcade Data

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

Initial release

2021

2001

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2010

Current release

September 2021

2.7.2, June 2023

11.2, May 2022

V12

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

based on BSD license

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language, no joins

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Java

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, SQL

yes

Transact SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

none

Ingres Replicator

yes, with always 3 replicas available

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2020
4 January 2021, Paul Andlinger, Matthias Gelbmann

Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

The popularity of cloud-based DBMSs has increased tenfold in four years
7 February 2017, Matthias Gelbmann

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