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DBMS > ArcadeDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OpenEdge vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison ArcadeDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. OpenEdge vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameArcadeDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonOpenEdge  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewrittenA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerApplication development environment with integrated database management systemAn in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS infoin next version
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.02
Rank#374  Overall
#52  Document stores
#38  Graph DBMS
#56  Key-value stores
#38  Time Series DBMS
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score72.95
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score3.69
Rank#78  Overall
#42  Relational DBMS
Score1.26
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitearcadedb.comcloud.google.com/­spannerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.progress.com/­openedgewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdocs.arcadedb.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocumentation.progress.com/­output/­ua/­OpenEdge_latestdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­timesten/­index.html
DeveloperArcade DataGoogleMicrosoftProgress Software CorporationOracle infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20212017201019841998
Current releaseSeptember 2021V12OpenEdge 12.2, March 2020Release 22.1
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
IBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language, no joinsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyes infoclose to SQL 92yes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC
Supported programming languagesJavaGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Progress proprietary ABL (Advanced Business Language)C
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoTransact SQLyesPL/SQL
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning infosince Version 11.4none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes, with always 3 replicas availableSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes inforelationship in graphsyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and groupsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
ArcadeDBGoogle Cloud SpannerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureOpenEdgeTimesTen
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